a scheme is not an algebraic curve because it may not be smooth over k.
one must add principal ideal generated by x^p - a
a less sophisticated point of view is to view an algebraic curve as a coherent analytic sheaf
keep in mind 'enough injectives'
Weil conjectures
algebraic variety V defined over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q $
(a famous mathematician, maybe Beilinson, who was listening, said finding l-adic cohomology is a vital problem if ever there was one )
one can see an algebraic curve simply as a stack
but one must be careful to think about the fine moduli space
scheme whose points are in 1-1 correspondence with the coarse moduli space
if you understand all this the Riemann hypothesis follows from Bombieri's proof of the Riemann hypothesis for function fields
one motivation for creating algebraic geometry was to prove the Riemann hypothesis but this part of history has been forgotten
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